Ali Mohammed Khan (bf.1706 - September 15, 1748)[1] was a rohilla (Pashtun highlanders) chief who founded the Pathan (Pashtun) state of Rohilkhand in the northwestern region of the Uttar Pradesh state of India. He succeeded rohilla Sardar Daud Khan and helped develop Rohilkhand into a powerful nation, which became independent in 1721. Safdar Jang of Oudh informed the Mughal emperor of India Mohammed Shah[2] (ruled 1719-1748) about Ali Mohammmed Khan's supposed intentions to create his own Sultanate. Mohammmed Shah sent an expedition against him, as a result of which he was imprisoned. Later he was pardoned and made governor of Sirhind. After Nadir Shah, the conqueror of Iran, took control of Kabul and sacked Delhi in 1739, Ali Mohammed Khan returned to his homeland and ruled the independent state of Rohilkhand until his death in 1748.
Nawab[3] Faizullah Khan ((1730? - 1793) was the second son of Ali Mohammed Khan and assumed rule of the Rohilla dynasty after his fathers death. In 1774, during the invasion of Rohilkhand by the united armies of the Vizier Sujah ul Dowlah and the British East India Company, Faizullah Khan led a resistance in which many of the Rohilla's principal chiefs were slain. However, escaping from the slaughter, Faizullah Khan "made his retreat good towards the mountains, with all his treasure." He collected the scattered remains of his countrymen; and as he was the eldest surviving son of Ali Mohammed Khan, he seems at length to have been generally acknowledged by his natural subjects the undoubted heir of his father's authority.[4]
Rohilla
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瞽矇,又称“瞽史”,即盲史官。
春秋时期,中国有两种史官:太史和瞽矇。当时人们传述历史大致以瞽矇传诵为主,而以太史的记录帮助记忆,《国语·楚语上》记载:“史不失书,矇不失诵。”因此,一般认为《左传》的作者左丘明就是一位瞽矇。
参看:太史、左丘明、《左传》
卢布尔雅那(Ljubljana)是斯洛文尼亚共和国的首都和政治、经济和文化中心。是斯洛文尼亚最大的城市,面积约170平方公里,人口25.49万(2001年)。
卢市位于斯洛文尼亚中部萨瓦河上游的盆地之中,卢布尔雅那河在此汇入萨瓦河(Sava River)。城市位于东经14.30°,北纬46.03°,平均海拔298米,气候宜人。公元前15年,罗马人在此建立城市,时称艾摩那(Emona)。
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